01 Dec 2023
David Burns’ TEAM Model of Cognitive Therapy
Cognitive Therapy, developed by Aaron Beck, has been instrumental in treating various mental health issues. David Burns expanded on this foundation with his TEAM (Testing, Empathy, Agenda Setting, and Methods) model. This model enhances the therapeutic process by incorporating essential elements to address clients’ cognitive distortions and facilitate positive change.
Understanding the TEAM Model
The TEAM model is a structured approach that guides therapists in fostering collaboration and understanding with their clients. The acronym represents key components that are crucial in Cognitive Therapy.
Testing: Unraveling Cognitive Distortions
The first step in the TEAM model is Testing. Therapists work collaboratively with clients to identify and challenge cognitive distortions. This involves examining thoughts for accuracy and evaluating their impact on emotions and behaviours. By employing various cognitive restructuring techniques, therapists help clients reframe negative thought patterns.
Empathy: Building a Therapeutic Alliance
Empathy plays a central role in the TEAM model. Therapists strive to understand clients’ perspectives, validating their experiences and emotions. Establishing a strong therapeutic alliance fosters trust, creating a safe space for clients to explore and share their thoughts and feelings without judgment.
Agenda Setting: Collaborative Goal Setting
The Agenda Setting phase involves collaboratively setting goals for therapy. Therapists and clients work together to prioritise and outline specific objectives. This process ensures that therapy is tailored to the individual’s needs and aspirations, promoting a sense of ownership and motivation in the therapeutic journey.
Methods: Implementing Effective Interventions
The final component of the TEAM model is Methods. Here, therapists employ evidence-based interventions to address identified cognitive distortions and achieve therapeutic goals. Cognitive restructuring techniques, behavioural experiments, and other interventions are tailored to the client’s unique needs, promoting sustainable change.
Advantages of the TEAM Model
The TEAM model offers several advantages in the field of Cognitive Therapy:
Holistic Approach to Change
By incorporating Testing, Empathy, Agenda Setting, and Methods, the TEAM model provides a comprehensive and holistic approach to therapeutic change. It recognises the interplay between thoughts, emotions, and behaviours, ensuring a well-rounded intervention strategy.
Client-Centered Collaboration
The collaborative nature of the TEAM model emphasises the importance of involving clients in the therapeutic process. This client-centered approach enhances engagement and increases the likelihood of successful outcomes.
Flexibility and Adaptability
The TEAM model’s flexibility allows therapists to tailor interventions to individual client needs. This adaptability ensures that therapy is dynamic and responsive, addressing the evolving needs and challenges clients may face throughout the therapeutic journey.
Counselling with the TEAM model of Cognitive Therapy
David Burns’ TEAM model enhances the practice of Cognitive Therapy by integrating key elements that promote collaboration, understanding, and effective intervention. This structured approach not only addresses cognitive distortions but also fosters a strong therapeutic alliance, empowering clients to actively participate in their journey towards positive change.
24 Nov 2023
A First Experience
A week ago today - last Friday night - I was in Wellington and staying overnight in a hotel. I had been exploring new tools and techniques for my therapy practice and I had started reading about holotrophic breathwork. It was claimed that holotropic breathwork was like the expansion of mind that comes by taking mind-altering substances like Psilocybin (magic mushrooms).
Searching for Help for Depression
I have always loved normal mushrooms and I have been interested in growing some for use in our dinners and weekend breakfasts. I came across the Netflix series “Fabulous Fungi” and learned a bit about how fungi are valuable not only as food, but also in supporting good mental health. I won’t cover the entire documentary here, but suffice it to say that Psilocybin is being researched at various institutions - including Johns Hopkins University - as an aid for depression. Some participants seem to be “cured” entirely of depression with just a single use of Psilocybin. Now, to note here, I am NOT advocating that you use these - they are currently illegal in Aotearoa New Zealand - I am just discussing how I began to consider what other options might be available, rather than our talking cure and standard pharmacological solutions.
Holotropic Breathwork Benefits
Anyway, I was reading about the many uses of mushrooms and I was researching breathwork and I came across Holotrophic Breathwork. This technique was developed by a famous researcher into psychedelics, once these drugs became illegal. By practicing specific breathing techniques that are coupled with complementary music and movements, Stan Grof claims that you can expand your mind in a similar fashion to what occurs when using substances like magic mushrooms. All of the benefits, with none of the risks - why won’t I try it (especially if I could further help clients)???
Trying Holotropic Breathwork
I have a background in meditation (20 years) and wondered how this could be different, but tried to keep an open mind. At worst, nothing would happen. At best, I would be able to expand my own consciousness and help my clients.
My First Attempt
So, last Friday night, I settled into bed in my hotel room and began working through my first experience in Holotrophic Breathwork. How did it go? I ended up very relaxed, but felt nothing more. I figured this was a once-off experience and drifted off to sleep. When I told my wife about it, I wasn’t terribly excited, but something told me to try it again.
Continuing Holotropic Breathwork
So, through this week since I returned home, I have been practicing this breathwork. I have found a place to put a pallet on the floor, have put a bluetooth speaker at my head, have found relevant audio files (including music) and today was my sixth attempt at the practice.
Holotropic Breathwork Music Track
This was my first complementary music track (which I began listening to on my fifth session):
Initial Reflections on Holotropic Breathwork
What has happened? As I have continued my breathwork, I have remembered things from my childhood that I had thought forgotten. I have had moments of clarity about things I have been considering. I have contemplated aspects of existence which have been part of my Buddhist readings during twenty years of meditative practice. I have found myself even more centred than usual. There have been moments during my breathwork practice when my mind reached a calmness which is hard to describe. I can reach this state in meditation, but it takes much longer in the practice.
Holotropic Breathwork Playlist
There are only a few tracks on this Holotrophic Breathwork list so far, but I hope to add more as my practice continues:
Further Exploration
What is next? More practice, including adding physical movements to the practice.
21 Nov 2023
Nelson Festival
I just came across the Evolve Festival planned for 2025, here in Whakatū-Nelson! The lineup so far looks interesting and I plan to follow the developments for this event closely.
https://www.evolvefestival.co.nz/
The festival is planned for 10 - 12 January 2025, at Founders Heritage Park, 87 Atawhai Drive, The Wood, Nelson.
As noted on the festival website:
Evolve is New Zealand's longest running wellness festival, in 2025 we will be celebrating 35 years! We are family-friendly wellbeing festival where conscious beats, holistic workshops, and healing pioneers meet , festival antics, and play.
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Soak up music and entertainment from international and local artists throughout the weekend, from the uplifting Friday night opening to the high-energy Saturday evening performers.
Join some of the world’s most inspirational presenters at a range of exciting and engaging panel sessions, seminars, and workshops about health, wellbeing, and sustainable living.
There will be a range of exciting kids activities, including crafts, dance, circus skills, face painting and yoga.
I will definitely want to attend this and, if the stars align, I might even want to be actively involved!
Kia kaha!
20 Nov 2023
Men’s Mental Health: A Critical Examination
Men’s mental health is an essential but often overlooked aspect of overall well-being. In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the unique challenges that men face in terms of mental health. This discussion aims to explore various issues, topics, treatments, and trends associated with men’s mental health.
Challenges Faced by Men
Men encounter a range of societal expectations that can impact their mental health. Traditional notions of masculinity may discourage emotional expression, leading to suppressed feelings. The stigma surrounding mental health issues can further prevent men from seeking help, contributing to higher rates of undiagnosed conditions.
Common Mental Health Issues
Several mental health issues disproportionately affect men. Depression and anxiety are prevalent, but conditions like anger management problems and substance abuse are also significant concerns. Understanding the specific manifestations of these issues in men is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment.
Suicide Rates Among Men
One alarming trend is the higher rate of suicide among men compared to women. The intersection of societal pressures, mental health stigma, and reluctance to seek help contributes to this concerning statistic. Suicide prevention efforts need to address the unique challenges faced by men and create supportive environments for seeking help.
Emerging Trends in Mental Health Awareness
There is a positive shift in societal attitudes towards mental health. Men are increasingly encouraged to talk about their feelings and seek professional help. Celebrities and public figures sharing their mental health struggles contribute to reducing stigma and fostering open conversations.
Innovative Approaches to Treatment
Traditional therapeutic approaches are essential, but there is a growing recognition of the need for innovative treatments tailored to men’s unique experiences. Male-focused support groups, online counseling platforms, and workplace mental health programs are gaining traction as effective interventions.
The Role of Relationships
The quality of relationships, including friendships and intimate partnerships, plays a pivotal role in men’s mental health. Cultivating healthy connections provides crucial emotional support and can serve as a protective factor against mental health challenges.
Holistic Well-being for Men
Promoting holistic well-being involves addressing physical health alongside mental health. Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and sufficient sleep contribute not only to physical health but also positively impact mood and stress levels, essential components of men’s mental well-being.
Men’s Mental Health in Context
Men’s mental health is a multifaceted issue that requires a comprehensive and nuanced approach. From understanding the challenges men face to exploring innovative treatments and promoting holistic well-being, addressing men’s mental health necessitates a collective effort to break down stigma and create a supportive environment for all individuals.
08 Nov 2023
Understanding Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, commonly referred to as ADHD, is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects individuals of all ages. This condition is characterised by a range of symptoms that impact a person’s attention, focus, impulse control, and hyperactivity. In this article, we will delve into the intricacies of ADHD and explore its various aspects.
The Basics of ADHD
ADHD is a multifaceted disorder that manifests differently in individuals. It is crucial to recognise its core characteristics, which include inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. People with ADHD may struggle to maintain attention on tasks, follow through with instructions, and may be easily distracted. They often display restlessness and impulsivity, making it challenging to control their behaviours.
Prevalence and Diagnosis
ADHD is a global concern, affecting people of all ages, but it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood. Accurate diagnosis is essential, and healthcare professionals use specific criteria outlined in diagnostic manuals to identify ADHD. It’s important to differentiate ADHD from other conditions that may exhibit similar symptoms, such as anxiety or learning disabilities.
Types of ADHD
ADHD can be categorized into three subtypes:
- Predominantly Inattentive Presentation:
This subtype is characterised by difficulties with sustained attention, organisation, and following instructions.
- Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation:
Individuals with this subtype tend to be hyperactive and impulsive, often struggling with patience and self-control.
- Combined Presentation: This is the most common subtype, involving a combination of inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms.
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of ADHD is not fully understood, but both genetic and environmental factors play a significant role. Genetics can increase the likelihood of developing ADHD, and exposure to certain environmental influences, like prenatal tobacco smoke or lead exposure, can also be risk factors.
Impact on Daily Life
ADHD can have a profound impact on daily life. Individuals with ADHD may struggle with school or work performance, maintaining relationships, and managing day-to-day responsibilities. It is essential to provide support and accommodation to help them navigate these challenges successfully.
Treatment Options
There is no cure for ADHD, but various treatment options can help manage its symptoms. These include:
- Medication: Stimulant and non-stimulant medications can be prescribed to improve attention and impulse control.
- Behavioural Therapy: Behavioral interventions, such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, can teach individuals with ADHD strategies to manage their symptoms effectively.
- Lifestyle Modifications: A healthy lifestyle that includes regular exercise, a balanced diet, and adequate sleep can make a significant difference in symptom management.
Coping Strategies
Individuals with ADHD can benefit from learning coping strategies. These may involve time management, organisation skills, and stress reduction techniques. Building a supportive network and seeking guidance from therapists and support groups can also be instrumental in managing ADHD.
The Lifelong Journey
ADHD is a lifelong condition, and it’s important to understand that individuals with ADHD can lead successful and fulfilling lives. With the right support, appropriate treatment, and a better understanding of their strengths and challenges, they can excel in various aspects of life.
ADHD Treatment
ADHD is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that affects people of all ages. It can pose significant challenges, but with proper diagnosis, treatment, and support, individuals with ADHD can thrive and lead productive lives. It is essential to raise awareness, reduce stigma, and provide the necessary resources to help those with ADHD reach their full potential.
